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BURTON’S LEGAL THESAURUS Thirty-fifth Anniversary/Fifth Edition William C. Burton, Esq. New York Chicago San Francisco Athens London Madrid Mexico City Milan New Delhi Singapore Sydney Toronto Copyright © 2013, 2007, 1998, 1992, 1980 by William C. Burton. All rights reserved. Except as permitted under the United States Copyright Act of 1976, no part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written permission of the publisher. ISBN: 978-0-07-181882-7 MHID: 0-07-181882-0 The material in this eBook also appears in the print version of this title: ISBN: 978-0-07-181881-0, MHID: 0-07-181881-2. E-book conversion by codeMantra Version 1.0 All trademarks are trademarks of their respective owners. Rather than put a trademark symbol after every occurrence of a trademarked name, we use names in an editorial fashion only, and to the benefit of the trademark owner, with no intention of infringement of the trademark. Where such designations appear in this book, they have been printed with initial caps. McGraw-Hill Education eBooks are available at special quantity discounts to use as premiums and sales promotions or for use in corporate training programs. To contact a representative, please visit the Contact Us page at www.mhprofessional.com. TERMS OF USE This is a copyrighted work and McGraw-Hill Education and its licensors reserve all rights in and to the work. Use of this work is subject to these terms. Except as permitted under the Copyright Act of 1976 and the right to store and retrieve one copy of the work, you may not decompile, disassemble, reverse engineer, reproduce, modify, create derivative works based upon, transmit, distribute, disseminate, sell, publish or sublicense the work or any part of it without McGraw-Hill Education’s prior consent. You may use the work for your own noncommercial and personal use; any other use of the work is strictly prohibited. Your right to use the work may be terminated if you fail to comply with these terms. THE WORK IS PROVIDED “AS IS.” McGRAW-HILL EDUCATION AND ITS LICENSORS MAKE NO GUARANTEES OR WARRANTIES AS TO THE ACCURACY, ADEQUACY OR COMPLETENESS OF OR RESULTS TO BE OBTAINED FROM USING THE WORK, INCLUDING ANY INFORMATION THAT CAN BE ACCESSED THROUGH THE WORK VIA HYPERLINK OR OTHERWISE, AND EXPRESSLY DISCLAIM ANY WARRAN
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M. Malen Michele M. Mandelbaum WILLIAM C. BURTON, Esq., is an attorney and a partner in the law firm of Sagat|Burton LLP. He is a former New York State Assistant Attorney General and a former New York State Assistant Special Prosecutor. As a writer, he compiled this book, which became the first legal thesaurus ever written for the legal profession. When the book was released, it was recognized as “One of the Most Innovative and Creative Projects of the Year” by the Association of American Publishers. Two decades later, he established The Burton Awards program, which rewards the finest achievements in law, including legal writing. The program is run in association with the Library of Congress. In 2011, Mr. Burton was presented the highest honor given by the second-largest association of law professors in America, The Legal Writing Institute. At that time, he was recognized for “significantly advancing the cause of legal writing in the profession of law.” More recently, he was awarded the Blackstone Award by the Friends of the Law Library of Congress for “embodying and promoting the best ideals of the institution.” v CONTENTS The First and Most Comprehensive Legal Thesaurus of Its Kind Foreword by U.S. Supreme Court Justice William O. Douglas...... vii Introduction by the author, William C. Burton ................. ix Acknowledgments ...................................... xi About the Book........................................ xiii Main Entries ............................................ 1 Comprehensive Index................................... 657 This page intentionally left blank vii FOREWORD In the legal community absolute understanding is the measure of perfec- tion. Perfection in the realm of the courts is the just resolution of issues of fact and questions of law. The primary tool for resolving conflicts among civilized people is through communication by written and oral language. The root of all language is the individual word. In the English language, each word may have several meanings. Often, it is the use of a specific word or term upon which a case or contro- versy may hinge. Only by using precise language can the waters remain clear and unmuddied allowing justice to take its course unfettered by those who would mislead or misrepresent. It is through the use of such a tool as the Legal Thesaurus that one may find the precise term to fit the nuan
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language is indis- pensable. Every written word is subject to the closest scrutiny and interpre- tation. Oftentimes, a decision can turn on the meaning of a single word. The words contained in cases often become precedence to shape the future. To members of the bar, persuasive language is also extremely important. Clearly drafted arguments can be convincing and sway the out- come of pending litigation. To students of the law, precise and accurate writing is similarly critical to convey their understanding of the law. The concept of a legal thesaurus was born out of necessity. It had its beginning in 1974, when I was writing a memorandum of law and needed to find the precise words in a particular context. I repeatedly searched for a legal thesaurus in the stores. Finally, my mother said, “If you can’t find a legal thesaurus write one yourself !” Five years later, under my direction, a staff of twelve lawyers, librarians, and trained professionals fin- ished the book and fulfilled the need that had been foreseen. x Since the original compilation of the book thirty-five years ago, thousands of entries have been added. In each case, the broadest array of words is provided to fit the thought to be conveyed. In addition to syn- onyms, the entries include related words. All expressions and colloquial- isms that are archaic and stilted have been omitted as synonyms. The words provided are broader than just synonyms. The words provided are often related in meaning and present a complete gamut of words the writer could be searching to find in the drafting process. A legal dictionary should be consulted to determine precise meanings, nuances, and variations in con- temporary usage. Only when the true meaning of each word is understood can the appropriate synonym be selected. At the outset, three criteria were used to select the main entries included in this book: (1) words that are strictly legal, (2) words that are not strictly legal but are commonly used in the legal profession, and (3) words that are not legal or widely used by lawyers but are sufficiently sophisti- cated to warrant their use. A fourth category has been added to include words that are regularly used by lawyers. In selecting main headings, words with multiple parts of speech were evaluated. In each case, the noun, adjective, verb, or adverb form included is most commonly used by attorneys. Whenever a
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I gratefully acknowledge, with profound gratitude and affection, the assistance and motivation given by my loving parents, Martin and Ellen Burton. I am forever indebted to them in providing me with the educational background and resources to undertake the initial compilation of this book. I was inspired by my father’s writings and encouraged by my loving and motivating mother. A special thank-you: To Donya Dickerson, Executive Editor, McGraw-Hill Education, for her expertise, support, and invaluable input. To Casie Vogel, Associate Editor, McGraw-Hill Education, for her technical and upbeat assistance. This page intentionally left blank xiii ABOUT THE BOOK Here are samples of the comprehensive, easy-to-use listings. All “synonyms” include the broadest range of words the writer may be seeking. Compared with the main heading, these words are sometimes more general or narrower in scope. This page intentionally left blank MAIN ENTRIES 1 A A FORTIORI, adverb above all, accordingly, all the more, by a stronger reason, by inference, certainly, chiefly, consequently, ergo, especially, even more, for a certainty, for a still stronger reason, in chief, in the main, mainly, over and above, paramountly, particularly, primarily, thus, with the greater force A PRIORI, adverb accordingly, as a consequence, as a result of, as is, because of this, by reason of, consequently, deducibly, deductively, derivatively, doubtlessly, ergo, ex con- cesso, for that reason, for this reason, for which reason, from a general law to a particular instance, from cause to effect, from that cause, from this cause, in consequence, inferentially, nec- essarily, on account of this, on that account, on that ground, proceeding from antecedent to consequent, thusly, to that end A SAVOIR, adverb below, details now to be provided, the following, hence, hereunder, hereupon, namely, next, now to be accounted for, now to be announced, now to be described, now to be enunciated, now to be itemized, now to be listed, now to be mentioned, now to be narrated, now to be presented, now to be read, now to be recited, now to be recounted, now to be reported, now to be set forth, now to be stated, now to follow, subsequently set down, the succeeding, that is, that is to say, to wit, videlicet AB INITIO, adverb ab origine, ab ovo, as a start, at first, at the beginning, at the start, chiefly, first, first and fore
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a crime, renunciate a claim, surrender property ABANDON (Withdraw), verb ab re desistere, abdicate, back down, back off, back out, forsake, omittere, pull out, quit, rem relinquere, renege, retire, retract, retreat, stand aside, tender one’s resignation, vacate office ABANDONED, adjective castaway, castoff, derelict, deserted, discontinued, disregarded, disused, forsaken, ignored, neglected, obsolete, occupantless, out of use, slighted, tenantless, unattended to, uncared for, uninhab- ited, unoccupied, unpopulated, untenanted ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abandoned claims, abandoned evi- dence, abandoned husband or wife, abandoned leasehold, abandoned property, abandonment of pleadings ABANDONMENT (Desertion), noun abrogation, apos- tasy, cession, decampment, defection, demission, depar- ture, dereliction, disaffection, disavowal, evacuation, flight, hasty departure, relinquishment, repudiation, retirement, vacating, withdrawal ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abandonment of a child, abandonment of a husband, abandonment of a property, abandonment of a wife, abandonment of land, dissolution of marriage, Enoch Arden laws FOREIGN PHRASES: Occupantis fiunt derelicta. Things aban- doned become the property of the first who is the occupant. ABANDONMENT (Discontinuance), noun abdication, abrogation, cessation, derelictio, desistance, discontinua- tion, disjunction, disruption, relinquishment, surrender, suspension, withdrawal ABANDONMENT 2 ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abandonment of a crime, abandonment of a pleading, abandonment of an easement, abandonment of assets in bankruptcy, abandonment of proscriptive rights ABANDONMENT (Repudiation), noun abnegation, can- cellation, declination, denial, disapprobation, disapproval, disavowal, dismissal, disownment, rejection, renounce- ment, renunciation, reprobation, rescission ABANDONMENT OF A TRADEMARK, noun abjuration, disownment, disuse, divestiture, divestment, forfeiture, relinquishment, resignation, surrender ABASE, verb abuse, adulterate, belittle, bring down, brutalize, calumniate, debase, de-civilize, defame, deform, degrade, demean, demote, derogate, diminish, discredit, disgrace, dishonor, downgrade, humble, humiliate, lower, pervert, reduce, set down, shame, take down, vitiate, vitu- perate, warp ABATE (Extinguish), verb abolish, abrogate, annul, ca- dere, cancel, defeat, destroy, discontinue, dissolve, elimi- nate, exterminate, invalid
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malice aforethought, liquidation, massacre, slaughter, slaying, tak- ing of life, unlawful homicide ABERRANCE, noun aberration, abnormality, abnormity, anomaly, change, deviation, difference, distinguishing characteristics, erroneousness, error, individual characteristics, irregularity, out of the ordinary, peculiarity, perversion, un- naturalness ABERRANCY, noun aberration, abnormality, abnor- mity, anomaly, deviation, distinguishing characteristics, erroneousness, error, irregularity, peculiarity, perversion, speciality, unique characteristic, unnaturalness, unusual characteristic ABERRANT, adjective abnormal, amorphous, anomalis- tic, anomalous, astray, changeable, departing, deviative, devious, discursive, disordered, divergent, eccentric, errant, erratic, erroneous, excursive, indirect, irregular, non-uniform, rambling, stray, straying, unnatural, unpredictable, untrue, variable, wandering ABERRATION (Abnormality), noun alienation, declen- sion, deflection, departure, derailment, deviation, digres- sion, discrepancy, dislocation, disorientation, displacement, divergence, divergency, diversion, irregularity, lapse, misdi- rection, refraction, wandering, wrong course ABERRATION (Insanity), noun abnormality, amentia, delirium, delusion, dementedness, derangement, disor- dered intellect, frenzy, hallucination, loss of reason, lunacy, madness, mental derangement, mental incapacity, mental infirmities, mental instability, mental sickness, paranoia, unsound mind, want of reason ABET, verb adiuvare, advance, advocate, afford aid, aid, arouse, assist, back, contribute, cooperate with, embolden, encourage, endorse, facilitate, foment, foster, furnish aid, goad, help, incite, instigate, nourish, nurture, prompt, sec- ond, serve, spur, stimulate, succor, supply aid, support, urge ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accessory, accomplice, aid and abet, co-conspirator, facilitation ABETMENT, noun advocacy, aegis, aid, auspices, backup, collusion, contribution, cooperation, counte- nance, encouragement, favor, fosterage, guidance, help- fulness, interest, patronage, plying, pressing, sponsorship, urging ABETTING, adjective ancillary, coaxing, concerted, conducing, encouraging, expediting, facilitating, fostering, indorsing, inspiring, promoting, prompting, urging ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accessory after the fact, accessory before the fact, accomplice and accessories, aiding and abetting
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dis- honor, disrepute, humiliation, ignominy, meanness, servility, vileness ABJECTNESS, noun abominableness, baseness, con- temptibleness, degradation, despicableness, meanness, obsequiousness, odiousness, pettiness, shabbiness, shod- diness, smallness, sordidness, submissiveness, vileness, worthlessness, wretchedness ABJUDGE, verb adjudicate, appraise, arbitrate, ascer- tain, assess, award, conclude, consider, decide, declare, decree, deduce, deem, derive, determine, discern, draw a conclusion, examine, find, hold, interpret, judge, prescribe, pronounce formally, rule ABJURATION, verb abandonment, defection, denial, disaffirmation, disallowance, disavowal, disclaimer, discla- mation, disownment, forswearing, recall, recantation, re- jection, renouncement, renunciation, repudiation, retrac- tion, revocation, revokement ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abjuration of allegiance, law of sanctu- ary, oath of abjuration ABJURE, verb abandon, abrogate, deny, disaffirm, dis- avow, discard, disclaim, disown, exclude, forgo, forswear, give up, recant, refuse to admit, reject, relinquish, re- nounce, repudiate, resign, retract, revoke, surrender, yield ABLE, adjective accomplished, adept, adequate, adroit, apt, bright, clever, competent, deft, dexterous, dy- namic, effective, effectual, efficacious, efficient, equal to, experienced, expert, facile, fit, fitted, forward, handy, inge- nious, intelligent, inventive, learned, practical, practiced, proficient, qualified, quick, resourceful, sagacious, shrewd, skillful, strong, talented, versed, viable, worthy ABLENESS, noun ability, adequacy, caliber, capability, capacity, competence, efficacy, efficiency, faculty, lucidity, normalcy, normality, normalness, proficiency, quality, ra- tionality, reason, reasonability, saneness, sound mind, soundness of mind, sufficiency ABNEGATE, verb abjure, contravene, decline, deny, disavow, disclaim, disown, drop, forbear, gainsay, let go, negate, quit one’s hold, rebuff, recall, refuse, refute, reject, relinquish, renounce, repudiate, repulse, retract, say no, spurn, surrender, unclench ABNEGATION, noun abandonment, abjuration, decli- nation, denial, disallowance, disavowal, disclaimer, forbear- ance, moderation, negation, nonacceptance, noncompli- ance, nonconsent, refusal, rejection, renouncement, renunciation, surrender, temperance, unwillingness ABNORMAL, adjective aberrant, amorphous, anoma- l
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to a standstill, call off, cancel, cease, choke close, conclude, cut off, cut short, deactivate, desist, dis- able, disallow, discontinue, disengage, drop, expire, extin- guish, halt, interrupt, negate, quit, snuff, stop, stymie, suppress, suspend, terminate, thwart ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abandonment of a case, abort liti- gation, abort the prosecution of a case, failure to prosecute ABORTION (Feticide), noun aborticide, expulsion of a fetus, termination of a pregnancy ABORTION (Fiasco), noun blunder, clumsiness, der- eliction, disablement, disaster, failure, folly, frustration, inability, incapacity, incompetence, incompetency, ineffectuality, inefficacy, ineptitude, inexpertness, insuffi- ciency, nonfulfilment, quackery, unskillfulness, vain at- tempt, vain effort, want of success ABOUND, verb brim, bulge, bustle, fill, fill up, flood, flourish, gush, increase, overflow, proliferate, run over, suc- ceed, swarm, swell, teem, thrive, well over ABOVE (Before), preposition anterior, as contained in an earlier provision, as earlier mentioned, as earlier referred to, as earlier stated, as previously stated, as provided in a previous section, as stated earlier, before mentioned, cen- tral, dominant, earlier, first, former, last, preceding, previ- ous, primary, principle, prior ABOVE (Higher), preposition aloft, beyond, elevated, further, grandest, greatest, largest, most up, overhead, raised, skyward, supreme, top, topmost, up, uplifted, upper, uppermost, upraised, upward ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: above reproach, above the law ABOVE-MENTIONED, adjective as contained above, as referred to previously, first, former, precedent, preceding, previous, previously named, previously specified, previ- ously stated, prior ABOVE-NAMED, adjective above-mentioned, as con- tained above, as referred to previously, first, former, prec- edent, preceding, previous, previously named, previously specified, previously stated, prior ABOVE SUSPICION, adjective above reproach, ab- solved, blameless, clean, clear, exculpable, faultless, free from guilt, free from wrong, guilt-free, guiltless, impec- cable, incorrupt, inculpable, innocent, irreprehensible, moral, sinless, taintless, unblamable, unblemished, uncen- surable, uncorrupted, unreproached, unsoiled, unsullied, upright, vindicated ABOVE THE LAW, adjective above reproach, beyond the reach of the law, capable of exploiting a gray area of t
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clause which precludes repeal is void from the beginning. Perpetua lex est nullam legem hu- manam ac positivam perpetuam esse, et clausula quae abrogationem excludit ab initio non valet. It is a per- petual law that no human and positive law can be perpet- ual, and a clause which precludes the power of abrogation or repeal is void from the beginning. ABROGATED, adjective abolished, annulled, barred, countermanded, declared null and void, defunct, deprived of power, eliminated, excluded, inactive, invalid, invali- dated, nullified, overridden, set aside, superseded, termi- nated, vacated, waived ABROGATION, noun abolishment, abolition, annihila- tion, annulment, canceling, cancellation, countermand, counterorder, defeasance, dissolution, invalidation, nullifi- cation, overriding, overruling, recall, recantation, renege, repeal, repudiation, rescission, retraction, reversal, revoca- tion, suppression, undoing, voidance, vacation, vacatur, withdrawal ABRUPT, adjective abusive, acrimonious, aggressive, antagonistic, argumentative, arrogant, baneful, bitter, brisk, brusque, calamitous, cantankerous, caustic, combative, contrary, cross, dissentious, factious, gruff, haughty, ma- levolent, nasty, offensive, oppugnant, peremptory, precipi- tous, pugnacious, rancorous, rude, sharp, short, surly, terse, unceremonious, wrangling ABSCIND, verb amputate, break, cancel, cleave, clip, cut, decapitate, delete, detach, disconnect, disengage, disjoin, dismember, dispart, dissever, dissociate, dis- unite, divide, erase, excise, extirpate, mutilate, part, partition, rend, rive, rupture, segregate, separate, sever, shear, split, sunder, tear ABSCOND, verb absent oneself, avoid, bolt, decamp, delitescere, depart, desert, disappear, dodge, elude, emi- grate, escape, eschew, evade, expatriate oneself, flee, hide, latere, leave, levant, make off, occultari, remove, run, run away, steal away, take flight, withdraw, withdraw clandes- tinely ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abscond on bail, absconding debtor, attachment, fugitive, quasi in rem jurisdiction ABSENCE (Nonattendance), noun abandonment, ab- sentia, abstention, avoidance, defection, desertion, nonap- pearance, nonpresence, removal, truancy, withdrawal ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: absence from the state, absent credi- tors, absent debtor, absent defendant, absent from a juris- diction, leave of action FOREIGN PHRASES: Absentem accipere debemus e
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6 exculpation, exoneration, forgiveness, forgiveness of sins, grace, liberation, pardon, purgation, release, release from punishment, remission, reprieve, vindication ABSOLVE, verb absolvere, acquit, adjudge innocent, clear, discharge, exculpate, excuse, exonerate, find not guilty, forgive, free, let off, liberare, liberate, pardon, prove innocent, prove not guilty, purgare, purge, release from imputation, remit, reprieve, set free, vindicate ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: absolve of blame ABSOLVED, adjective acquitted, adjudged blameless, clear, cleared, discharged, exculpated, excused, exempt, exonerated, forgiven, found not guilty, free, immune, in- nocent, let off, liberated, pardoned, proven innocent, re- prieved, set free, vindicated ABSORB (Assimilate), verb accept, acculturate, assimi- late, consume, devour, draw, enculturate, gain, habituate, incorporate, integrate, merge, naturalize, soak in, sponge, swallow ABSORB (Comprehend), verb digest, engage, fathom, grasp, know, perceive, take in, follow, understand ABSTAIN, verb avoid, be loath, be neutral, by-pass, cease, decline, defer, desist, discontinue, dispense with, do without, eschew, forebear, forgo, hold back, keep away, keep off, let alone, not use, not vote, refrain voluntarily from, refuse, restrain oneself, shirk, shun, spare, stand aside, take no sides, turn aside from, waive, withhold ABSTEMIOUS, adjective careful, cautious, cheap, con- servative, economical, economy-minded, frugal, miserly, moderate, parsimonious, penurious, provident, prudent, restrained, self-denying, sparing, Spartan, stinting, temper- ate, thrifty, unwasteful ABSTENTION, noun abstainment, abstemiousness, ab- stinence, abstinence from action, avoidance, elusion, es- chewal, evasion, forbearance, holding off, inaction, nonpar- ticipation, refrainment ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abstention awaiting the state court's decision, abstention based on deferral, abstention based on state issues, doctrine of abstention ABSTRACT, noun abbreviation, abbreviature, abridg- ment, analect, brief, capsule, compendium, compilation, compression, condensation, consolidation, conspectus, contraction, digest, epitoma, epitome, extract, pandect, précis, reduction, summary, synopsis ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abstract idea, abstract of a record, ab- stract of judgment, abstract of title, abstract proposition of law, abstracts of evidence, marketable title acts, tit
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CONCEPTS: abuse of a child, wife-beating ABUSE (Misuse), verb abuti, ill-use, injure, make exces- sive use of, make improper use of, maltreat, manhandle, misapply, misappropriate, misemploy, mishandle, mistreat, pervert, use improperly, use wrongly ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abuse of a minor ABUSE (Victimize), verb injure, maltreat, manhandle, mistreat, molest, oppress ABUSE (Violate), verb debauch, defile, degrade, dis- honor, harm, ill-use, persecute, pollute, profane, wrong ABUSED, adjective aggrieved, debased, defamed, de- filed, degraded, disparaged, execrated, exploited, ill- treated, ill-used, injured, maltreated, mistreated, misused, oppressed, persecuted, victimized, vilified, wronged ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abused children ABUSIVE, adjective detracting, insulting, maledictory, menacing, quarreling, reviling, threatening, ungracious ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abusive language, abusive letter, abu- sive manner ACCESSION 7 ABUT, verb aboutir, adjoin, attach, be adjacent to, be contiguous, border on, bound, butt, conjoin, connect, end at, extend to, join, lean against, meet, reach, rei adiacere, rem attingere, touch, verge on ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abutting land, abutting on the im- provement, abutting owner, abutting property owner ABUTMENT, noun abutment, abuttal, adhesion, adja- cency, adjoinment, appendage, apposition, appurtenance, attachment, buttress, conjunction, connection, contact, contiguity, joint, junction, juxtaposition, union ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: abutting owners ABYSS, noun absence, black hole, blank, cavity, chasm, emptiness, fissure, gap, hiatus, hole, hollowed-out area, hol- lowed-out place, lacuna, the unknown, vacuity, vacuum, void ACADEMIC, adjective curricular, didactic, educational, erudite, formal, highbrow, intellectual, learned, pedagogi- cal, pedantic, professorial, scholarly, scholastic ACCEDE (Concede), verb abide by, accept, accord, ac- knowledge, acquiesce, admit, agree to, approve, assent, back down, capitulate, comply, concur, conform, consent, deign, give assent, give in, grant, obey, permit, submit, sub- scribe to, succumb, surrender, vouchsafe, yield, yield assent ACCEDE (Succeed), verb assume, attain, become heir to, come after, come next, displace, follow in order, inherit, reach, replace, supersede, supplant, take the place of ACCELERATE, adjective advance, catalyze, ease, expe- dite, facilitate, fast-track, forward, further, get
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of a contract, acceptance of a draft, ac- ceptance of a gift by a donee, acceptance of an insurance application, acceptance of an offer, acceptance of an order, acceptance of benefits, acceptance of employment, accep- tance of goods, acceptance of risk, blank acceptance, conditional acceptance, constructive acceptance, conver- sion by acceptance, implied acceptance FOREIGN PHRASES: Cum in corpore dissentitur, apparet nul- lam esse acceptionem. When there is a disagreement in the substance of a thing, it appears that there is no ac- ceptance. ACCESS (Opening), noun accessibility, approachability, availability, chance, means, occasion, open position, op- portunity, possibility, unfilled place, vacancy ACCESS (Right of way), noun accessus, adit, aditus, admission, admittance, approach, course, direct approach, entrance, entrance way, entry, ingress, inlet, means of ac- cess, means of approach, opening, passage, passageway, path, right of entry, road, route, way, way in, way of ap- proach, way through ACCESSIBLE, adjective achievable, amenable, ap- proachable, assailable, attainable, available, communica- tive, convenient, obliging, open, open-minded, penetrable, pervious, reachable, receptive, responsive ACCESSION (Annexation), noun accessio, addition, adherence, adhesion, adjoining, affixation, annexing, ap- pendage, attachment, binding, cementation, cohesion, combination, combining, conjoining, consolidation, cou- pling, fastening, fusion, inclusion, incorporation, joining, merger, putting together, securing, subjoining, subjunction, supplementation, unification, union, uniting ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accession of fixtures, accession of property ACCESSION (Enlargement), noun accretion, accrual, accumulation, acquisition, addition, advance, aggrandizement, ACCESSORY 8 amplification, appreciation, attainment, augmentation, broadening, burgeoning, development, elaboration, en- hancement, expansion, extension, gain, growth, increase, multiplication, progress, progression, supplementation, swelling ASSOCIATED CONCEPTS: accession of property, accretion, ac- quisition of title by accession, doctrine of accession, perma- nent accession, riparian accession ACCESSORY, noun abettor, accomplice, accomplice in crime, advisor, aider, assistant, coconspirator, codirector, collaborator, confederate, confrère, conscius, consociate, cooperator, copartner, coworker, culpae socius,
